Archive for Ruby
März 29, 2012 at 12:17 pm · Filed under Rails, Ruby
Let’s say we want a simple controller action that checks, if a given code is valid.
It should return true and false and, if the code is invalid, give the reason (whether that is because it is unknown or because it has been used already). The action could look like this:
def valid
if code = Code.find_by_value(params[:id])
unless code.used?
respond_with :valid => true
else
respond_with :valid => false, :reason => 'used'
end
else
respond_with :valid => false, :reason => 'unknown'
end
end
Now this deep nesting effectively hides the underlying algorithm, a simple one in this case.
Expressing this using throw and catch straightens the code a bit:
def valid
failure = catch :fail do
code = Code.find_by_value(params[:id]) or throw(:fail, 'unknown')
code.unused? or throw(:fail, 'used')
nil
end
respond_with({:valid => !failure}.merge(failure ? {:reason => failure}: {}))
end
We are down to one respond_with line but the has merging and the throws at the beginning of the line are not particularly pretty.
Let’s introduce a little Ruby mixin for the Hash class that provides it with a compact method that its friend Array has had all along:
module HashExtensions
def compact
self.reject{|key, value| value.nil? }
end
end
class Hash
include HashExtensions
end
Now using this to clean up the response hash and moving the throw statements to the end so the steps of the algorithm are visible we have our final version of the action:
def valid
failure = catch :fail do
code = Code.find_by_value(params[:id]) or throw :fail, 'unknown'
code.unused? or throw :fail, 'used'
nil
end
respond_with({:valid => !failure, :reason => failure}.compact)
end
Dezember 2, 2011 at 12:49 pm · Filed under Rails, Ruby
Sometimes you need to save a locally created file to S3 instead of an uploaded file, as is the standard. Here is how:
has_attached_file :tagged_text_file, STORAGE_OPTIONS.merge({
:processors => []
})
def save_tagged_text_file
file = File.open("#{RAILS_ROOT}/tmp/tagged_text_#{id}.txt", 'w+')
file << tagged_text
self.tagged_text_file = file
save!
file.close
end
November 28, 2011 at 7:33 pm · Filed under Note to self, Ruby
You use two heroku apps as staging and production for your project. You added both as git remotes, e.g. “production” and “staging”.
Now you want to push your local branch “poster” to remote “staging”, use
git push staging poster:master
Note, that you can only push to “master” on herokus side. This is just git syntax, but I keep forgetting it, so here it is for future reference.
Oktober 7, 2010 at 8:49 am · Filed under Note to self, Ruby
Sometimes you may wish to map an Array to a Hash in Ruby, like say, you got the output of I18n.available_locales
locales = [:en, :de, :fr]
and want to transform that into a Hash to fill a select element, like so:
[:en => 'EN', :de => 'DE', :fr => 'FR']
How do you do that in the most concise way?
First, there is always inject:
locales.inject({}) {|hsh, sym| hsh[sym] = sym.to_s.upcase; hsh}
But I like the following approach way better, mainly because it emphasizes my intention more clearly (and, btw. is faster too):
Hash[locales.map{|sym| [sym, sym.to_s.upcase]}]
Remember: Hash[:a,:b,:c,:d] produces {:a => :b, :c => :d}.
Juli 8, 2010 at 12:27 pm · Filed under AWS, Ruby
Building on this article here is a simple ruby script, that copies files between two buckets of the same S3 account, omitting files already present (by name).
This variant adds a list of path prefixes, so you can selectively copy only certain directories of your buckets.
Furthermore it copies the original buckets ACLs for each key.
require 'rubygems'
require 'right_aws'
aws_access_key_id = 'YOUR AMAZON ACCESS KEY'
aws_secret_access_key = 'YOUR AMAZON SECRET ACCESS KEY'
source_bucket = 'SOURCE BUCKET NAME'
target_bucket = 'TARGET BUCKET NAME'
prefixes = [PATH_PREFIX1, PATH_PREFIX2, ...]
s3 = RightAws::S3Interface.new(aws_access_key_id, aws_secret_access_key)
copied_keys = Array.new
(prefixes || ['']).each do |prefix|
s3.incrementally_list_bucket(target_bucket, {:prefix => prefix}) do |key_set|
copied_keys << key_set[:contents].map{|k| k[:key]}.flatten
end
end
copied_keys.flatten!
(prefixes || ['']).each do |prefix|
s3.incrementally_list_bucket(source_bucket, {:prefix => prefix}) do |key_set|
key_set[:contents].each do |key|
key = key[:key]
if copied_keys.include?(key)
puts "#{target_bucket} #{key} already exists. Skipping..."
else
puts "Copying #{source_bucket} #{key}, setting acl"
retries=0
begin
s3.copy(source_bucket, key, target_bucket)
acl = s3.get_acl(source_bucket, key)
s3.put_acl(target_bucket, key, acl[:object])
rescue Exception => e
puts "cannot copy key, #{e.inspect}\nretrying #{retries} out of 10 times..."
retries += 1
retry if retries <= 10
end
end
end
end
end
Oktober 18, 2009 at 5:46 pm · Filed under Allgemein, MacOSX, Note to self, Ruby
Suche nach Wort unter dem Cursor in vim: #.
jssh ist eine JavaScript Shell, die den Firefox per Port 9997 fernsteuerbar macht.
Download z.B. hier.
y erzeugt einen YAML dump auf der Rails console, mehr dazu hier.
=3D ist ein escaptes “=” in quoted_printable.
sudo /usr/libexec/locate.updatedb aktualisiert unter MacOSX sofort die locate Datenbank.
rake db:migrate:redo führt unter rails die letzte Migration rückwärts und sofort wieder vorwärts aus, so dass sich die Vorwärts-Action korrigieren läßt
ack -Q bringt ack dazu, literal, also ohne RegExp zu suchen.
Mai 15, 2009 at 7:25 pm · Filed under PHP, Ruby
Laut PHP-Doku ist das Verhalten der Pseudo-Variablen $this wie folgt:
$this is a reference to the calling object (usually the object to which the method belongs, but can be another object, if the method is called statically from the context of a secondary object).
Schauen wir uns folgendes Beispiel an:
class A{
function __construct(){
$this->name = 'A';
}
function echoThisName(){
echo "My Name is {$this->name}.\n";
}
}
Jetzt rufen wir die Methode mal als Instanzmethode und mal statisch auf:
$a = new A();
$a->echoThisName();
A::echoThisName();
My Name is A.
PHP Fatal error: Using $this when not in object context in
/Users/aljoscha/test.php on line 9
Fatal error: Using $this when not in object context in
/Users/aljoscha/test.php on line 9
Das ist vernünftig. (ausser: Warum muss sich PHP eigentlich immer wiederholen? Ist eine Fehlermeldung zu subtil?)
Jetzt rufen wird diese Methoden aus einer anderen Klasse B heraus auf:
class B{
function __construct(){
$this->name = 'B';
}
function echoAsName(){
$a = new A();
$a->echoThisName();
A::echoThisName();
}
}
$b = new B();
$b->echoAsName();
Und das gibt:
My Name is A.
My Name is B.
Wir haben die Methode echoThisName der Klasse A statisch aufgerufen, aber $this ist darin trotzdem gesetzt, und zwar als wären wir in der Instanz $b der Klasse B.
$b hat sich die statische Methode gekapert.
Was sagt Ruby dazu?
class A
def initialize
@name = 'A';
end
def echoThisName
puts "My Name is #{@name}.\n";
end
end
$a = A.new;
$a.echoThisName;
A::echoThisName;
ergibt:
My Name is A.
test.rb:13: undefined method `echoThisName' for A:Class (NoMethodError)
Rufen wir A::echoThisName aus einer Instanz von B auf:
class B
def initialize
@name = 'B';
end
def echoAsName
$a = A.new;
$a.echoThisName;
A::echoThisName;
end
end
$b = B.new;
$b.echoAsName;
Ist das Ergebnis entsprechend:
My Name is A.
test.rb:23:in `echoAsName': undefined method `echoThisName'
for A:Class (NoMethodError) from test.rb:28
Besser.
Dank an Stephan für den Hinweis auf die Dokumentation des Verhaltens in PHP.
Oktober 14, 2006 at 1:42 pm · Filed under Javascript, Prototype, Ruby
The following article describes ticket #3592 in the RoR Trac and explains a proposed solution.
Prototypes Enumerable mixin class does not properly respect the mixees internal format. For example the reject and findAll methods, operating on Hashes, return Arrays instead of Hashes.
var a = $H({a:1, b:2, c:1, d:3});
document.writeln(a.inspect().escapeHTML());
=>#
var b = a.reject(function(val){ return (val[1]==1) });
document.writeln(b.inspect().escapeHTML());
=> [['b', 2], ['d', 3]] // !!! should be hash
var c = b.findAll(function(val){ return (val[0]=='d') });
document.writeln(c.inspect().escapeHTML());
=> [['b', 2], ['d', 3]] // !!! should be hash
In Ruby (from which the inspiration for the Enumerable Mixin stems), the reject method does return a hash, not an array, when operating on an hash:
irb(main):001:0> a={:a => 1, :b => 2, :c => 1, :d => 3}
=> {:b=>2, :c=>1, :a=>1, :d=>3}
irb(main):002:0> b=a.reject{|k,v| v==1}
=> {:b=>2, :d=>3}
The patch requires all classes that want to mixin Enumerable to define two more methods similar to _each:
_new, which returns an empty object of that class and
_add, that adds an element. Enumerable mixin thus needs to make no more assumptions about the internal structure of its mixee class.
After the fix the methods return correctly:
=> #
